BDSM is a term used to describe a number of related patterns of human sexual behavior, and it has attracted a lot of attention in the alphabet community. BDSM is the combination of the first characters of bondage & discipline (BD), dominance & submission (DS), sadism & masochism (SM). These terms are widely discussed in modern society and are not limited to discussions of sexual prefer...

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a commonly used depressive symptom assessment tool designed to measure a person's level of depression over the past two weeks. The BDI was designed by psychologist Aaron T. Beck and colleagues and first published in 1961. BDI-IA is the initial version of BDI. It has been revised and improved many times and now has the BDI-II version. BDI-IA contains a total ...

BDI-SF (Beck Depression Inventory Short Form), also known as Beck Depression Rating Scale, was compiled by the famous American psychologist Beck AT in the 1960s and has since been widely used. in clinical epidemiological investigations. The early version of BDI had 21 items, and its items were derived from clinical practice. Later it was discovered that some patients with depression, especially t...

S=sadism→the domineering CEO’s sadist M=masochism→The masochist of an innocent little lamb. People who have a certain understanding of SM will never confuse SM with sexual abuse and violence. SM emphasizes the voluntariness of all participants. In SM activities, both parties are happy. It is just a sexual preference of people. If you want to know your own SM attributes, come and test it!

Sadomasochism is a sexual activity that combines pleasure with pain, or a sexual activity that derives pleasure from pain. Sadomasochism is often abbreviated as SM, and is often confused with the term BDSM (bondage and training, dominance and submission, sadism and masochism), but they are similar but not completely consistent concepts. The most important principle for engaging in sadomasochistic...

The alphabet circle refers to the SM group, the abbreviation of sadomasochism in English, which is a sexual fetish that obtains sexual pleasure through sadism and masochism. S is the abbreviation of sadism and M is the abbreviation of masochism. Both parties derive pleasure from sadism and masochism respectively, which includes mental and physical abuse. This kind of sadistic behavior is generally...

What type of 'SM' is most suitable for you and your lover? This test explores from the subconscious level what forms of SM you are easily attracted to! (You might as well test your lover’s attitude towards SM!)

The Burns Depression Checklist (BDC) is a self-diagnostic tool designed by Dr. David D. Burns, a new generation of American psychotherapist and University of Pennsylvania, to help people quickly assess whether they have depressive symptoms. This self-diagnosis form is based on Dr. Burns' experience and expertise in the research and treatment of depression. It uses a series of questions and assess...

The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-56) is a commonly used psychometric tool to assess an individual's narcissistic tendencies. It was designed and developed in 1979 by Professor Ruskin of the University of California, USA. NPI stands for 'Narcissistic Personality Inventory', and 56 represents the number of questions in the test. The NPI-56 uses a self-report assessment, in which subjects...

The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is a commonly used psychometric tool to measure narcissistic personality traits. Originally developed by Raskin and Hall in 1979 with some revisions and improvements. Among them, NPI-16 is a simplified version of NPI, proposed by Ames, Rose and Anderson in 2006. The NPI-16 is a 16-item scale designed to measure an individual's tendency toward narcissis...